ORANG UTAN.
the Description
The orang-utan term was taken from Indonesian and/or the language withered, it was significant humankind (the person) the forest. They had the fat and big body, berleher big, long and strong arms, foot that was short and bent, and did not have the tail. The measuring orang-utan 1-1,4 m. to male, that is approximately 2/3 the measurement time of a gorilla. The orang-utan body was covered red hair brownish. They had the head that was big with the position of the high mouth. The male orang-utan had the fat temple. They had the sense that was same like humankind, that is listening, the sight, penciuman, pengecap, and feelers. Their hands palm had 4 long fingers was increased 1 thumb. The palm foot they also had the composition finger-finger that really resembled humankind.
Classification
The orang-utan including the vertebrate animal, that was significant that they had the backbone. The orang-utan also including the mammalian animal and the primate. The orang-utan at this time was the rare animal, because humankind continually damaged their habitat and often also sold their babies illegally to be made to be kept by the animal. Estimated by the orang-utan population all over the world recently only numbering 100,000 tails. At this time was developed the wildlife reserve to conserve their population in Indonesia and Malaysia.
The location and the habitat
The orang-utan was found in the tropical South-East Asian rainforest territory, that is in the Borneo island and Sumatra in the Indonesian territory and Malaysia of the country's part. They normally live in luxuriant trees and make his nest from the foliage. Orangutan could live in various types of the forest, beginning with the forest dipterokarpus hills and the plain, the river basin, the forest of the freshwater swamp, the peat swamp, the dry land on the mangrove swamp and nipah, arrived at the mountainous forest. In Borneo orangutan could be found in the height 500 m. above sea level (dpl), whereas his relatives in Sumatra it was reported could reach the mountainous forest in 1.000 m. dpl.
Orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii lesson) was one of the endemic animals that only was in Sumatra. Orangutan in Sumatra only occupied the northern part of the island, from Timang the Elephant, Aceh Middle to Sitinjak in Tapanuli Selatan.Keberadaan this mammalian animal was protected by regulations 5 in 1990 about Conservation of Biological Nature resources and his Ecosystem and was classed as 'Critically Endangered' by IUCN. in Sumatra, one of the populations orangutan was gotten in the river basin (the BANG) the Toru Stick.
North Sumatra. The population orangutan wild in Sumatra was estimated by an amount 7,300 [2]. In the Batang Toru BANG 380 tails with the density pupulasi around 0.47 to 0,82 tails per square kilometre. The population orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii lesson) currently was estimated 7,500 tails. In fact in the era 1990 an, was estimated 200,000 tails. Their population was met in 13 areas was separated geographically. This condition caused continuation of their life increasingly was threatened extinct. [1] At This Time almost all orangutan Sumatra was only found in the North Sumatran Province and the Acehinese Province, with the Toba Lake as the limit was most southern his distribution. Only 2 relatively small populations was on the south-west of the lake, that is Sarulla Timur and the forests in the Toru Barat Stick. The population orangutan biggest in Sumatra was encountered in Leuser Barat (2,508 individuals) and Leuser Timur (1,052 individuals), as well as the Singkil Swamp (1,500 individuals). The other population that was estimated potential to remain in the long term (viable) was gotten in the Stick Toru,Sumatera North, with the measurement around 400 individuals.
Orangutan in Borneo that was categorised as 'endangered' by IUCN was divided into three sub-species: Orangutan was in Borneo grouped in three kind children, that is Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus that was at the north of the Kapuas River down to east Sarawak sea; Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii that was found from south the Kapuas River to the western part of the Barito River; and Pongo pygmaeus morio, was estimated totally his illegal population in the wild only 45,000 as far as 69,000. In Borneo, orangutan could be found in Sabah, Sarawak, and almost all the Kalimantan plain forest, except South Kalimantan and Bruneian Darussalam.
Food
Makanan also the orang-utan including the omnivore animal, most of them only ate plants. Food of orang-utan pleasure was the fruit. Other food a.l. :The foliage of the Kulit Kayu Tunas Seeds the crop (that was soft) Flower-bungaan Moreover they also ate insects and other small animals (like birds and the small mammal). The orang-utan might not in fact leave their tree if wanting to drink. They usually drink water that was gathered in holes among the branch of the tree.
The predator
The biggest predator the orang-utan today is humankind. Humankind (in the form of the agency/the certain company) tended intended to membabat was finished/shave bald their habitat (the tropical rainforest). Several other people in fact memperjual-bought they as the kept animal or was smuggled to the other country to produce money in large quantities. The matter like this made the orang-utan population be threatened extinct.
Selasa, 29 Juli 2008
Minggu, 27 Juli 2008
Hit-or-Miss Blog
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Tribe Betawi
Tribe Betawi
Tribe Betawi indigenous to result kawin-mawin antaretnis and nation in the past. In biologis, those in confess as a Betawi is mixed blooded clan clan multifarious tribe and nation that delivered by the Netherlands to Batavia. What are called with people or Suku Betawi are actually counted/calculated new comer in Jakarta. This ethnical Group borns from solidarity [of] various of ethnical groups other that have in advance lived in Jakarta, like Sundanese, Java, Arab, Bali, Sumbawa, Ambon, Malay and Tionghoa.
Term Betawi
Betawi are used to state genuiness tribe that dwell Jakarta and creol Malay [language] that the of, and also culture Melayunya. Betawi actually from the word "Batavia," that is Jakarta ancient name that given by the Netherlands.
History.
Diawali by Sundanese (majority), before 16-th centuries and come into Kerajaan Tarumanegara and later, Pakuan Pajajaran. Besides Sundanese, there is also merchant and seaman foreign from north coastal area Java, from various of East island Indonesias, from Malaka in peninsula Malaya, even from China and Gujarat in India.
Antropolog Indonesia University, Dr. Yasmine Zaki Shahab, MA predicts, ethnical Betawi just are formed about/around a century last, between in 1815-1893. This Estimate is based to the study of resident demography history Jakarta that blazed the way Australian historian, Lance Castle. In colonial era the Netherlands, government always conducts census, that made base nation or group ethnical its. In data of resident census Jakarta in 1615 and 1815, there is a resident of various of ethnical groups, but there is no note hits Betawi ethnical group.
Bugis House on the north Street of Mangga Dua in kampong area Bugis that started in 1690. In the beginning of century 20th this has been existed some houses like this in area Kota. Census Result in 1893 show loss of a number of previous ethnical groups. For example just Arabian and Moor, Javanese and Sunda, people South Sulawesi, people Sumbawa, people Ambon and Banda, and Malayan.
Tribe Betawi
In 1930, people category previous Betawi there is never exactly emerge as [the] new category in data of year census referred [as]. People Amount Betawi 778.953 souls and become resident majority Batavia at that time.
Antropolog Indonesia University other, Prof Dr Parsudi Suparlan state, awareness as a Betawi in the beginning of that ethnical group forming also have not yet mengakar. In everyday assocciation, they a more regular mentions it-self bases lokalitas their residence, like people Kemayoran, people Senen, or people Rawabelong.
Confession to existence of people Betawi as a ethnical group and as set of social and political in scope broader, namely Netherlands Indies, just emerge in 1923, moment Husni Thamrin, elite figure Betawi founds Perkoempoelan Kaoem Betawi. New at that time also all and sundry Betawi realizes them is a group, namely people group Betawi.
Ada also that have a notion that people Betawi not only cover mixture society in fortress Batavia that built by the Netherlands but also cover resident outside fortress is referred [as] so-called Betawi proto society. Local Resident outside fortress Batavia is referred [as] has used Malay [language], used occasionally in Sumatera, be next made as [the] national language. This condition happens because at sixth century, empire Sriwijaya attacks empire center Tarumanagara that located in north Jakarta until Malay [language] influence very strong here.
In other hand, agreement between Surawisesa (king Kerajaan Sunda) with portuguese in 1512 that enable Portugis to develop a community in Kalapa Sunda results mixed marriage between local resident and portuguese that degrade mixed blood Portugis. From this community born music keroncong music.
Language
Characteristic of muddle in dialect Betawi is reflection from culture Betawi in general, that is marriage [of] result many culture, both for indigenous to other area in Nusantara or foreign culture.
Ada also that have a notion that tribe that inhabit area of around Batavia is also grouped as [the] tribe Betawi early (proto Betawi). According to history, Empire Tarumanagara, that in Sundapura or Kalapa Sunda, ever attacked and conquered by empire Sriwijaya from Sumatera. In consequence,, no wonder if ethnical Sunda in Sunda port Kalapa, far before Sumpah Pemuda, has used Malay [language], used occasionally in Sumatera, be next made as [the] national language.
Because language difference that used [by] referred [as] then in the beginning of 20th-century, The Netherlands assumes one who live ins about/around Batavia as ethnical different with ethnical Sunda and call it as ethnical Betawi (word born of Batavia). Although during, still much area name and names river that still defended in Sundanese [language] like the saying of Ancol, Pancoran, Cilandak, Ciliwung, Cideng (that indigenous to Cihideung and then turn into Cideung and tearkhir becomes Cideng), and others that still in accordance with naming that depicted in codex Bujangga Manik[1] that at this time kept in library Bodleian, Oxford, UK.
Though formal language that used [by] in Jakarta is Indonesian [language], informal language or everyday parlance is dialect Indonesian [language] Betawi.
Art
In the field of artistry, for example, people Betawi have art Gambang Kromong that indigenous to music art Tionghoa, but also there is Rebana that take root at music tradition Arab, Music keroncong Tugu with background Portugis-Arab,and Tanjidor that belanda-anth berlatarbelakang. At this time Suku Betawi are recognized with art Lenong, Gambang Kromong, Rebana Tanjidor and Keroncong.
Culture
Characteristic of muddle in dialect Betawi is reflection from culture Betawi in general, that is marriage [of] result many culture, both for indigenous to other area in Nusantara or foreign culture. In the field of artistry, for example, people Betawi have art Gambang Kromong that indigenous to art of China music, but also there is Rebana that take root at music tradition Arab, Music keroncong Tugu with background Portugis-Arab,and Tanjidor that belanda-anth berlatarbelakang.
In biologis, those in confess as a Betawi is mixed blooded clan clan multifarious tribe and nation. They is result kawin-mawin antaretnis and nation in the past.
Tribe Betawi indigenous to result kawin-mawin antaretnis and nation in the past. In biologis, those in confess as a Betawi is mixed blooded clan clan multifarious tribe and nation that delivered by the Netherlands to Batavia. What are called with people or Suku Betawi are actually counted/calculated new comer in Jakarta. This ethnical Group borns from solidarity [of] various of ethnical groups other that have in advance lived in Jakarta, like Sundanese, Java, Arab, Bali, Sumbawa, Ambon, Malay and Tionghoa.
Term Betawi
Betawi are used to state genuiness tribe that dwell Jakarta and creol Malay [language] that the of, and also culture Melayunya. Betawi actually from the word "Batavia," that is Jakarta ancient name that given by the Netherlands.
History.
Diawali by Sundanese (majority), before 16-th centuries and come into Kerajaan Tarumanegara and later, Pakuan Pajajaran. Besides Sundanese, there is also merchant and seaman foreign from north coastal area Java, from various of East island Indonesias, from Malaka in peninsula Malaya, even from China and Gujarat in India.
Antropolog Indonesia University, Dr. Yasmine Zaki Shahab, MA predicts, ethnical Betawi just are formed about/around a century last, between in 1815-1893. This Estimate is based to the study of resident demography history Jakarta that blazed the way Australian historian, Lance Castle. In colonial era the Netherlands, government always conducts census, that made base nation or group ethnical its. In data of resident census Jakarta in 1615 and 1815, there is a resident of various of ethnical groups, but there is no note hits Betawi ethnical group.
Bugis House on the north Street of Mangga Dua in kampong area Bugis that started in 1690. In the beginning of century 20th this has been existed some houses like this in area Kota. Census Result in 1893 show loss of a number of previous ethnical groups. For example just Arabian and Moor, Javanese and Sunda, people South Sulawesi, people Sumbawa, people Ambon and Banda, and Malayan.
Tribe Betawi
In 1930, people category previous Betawi there is never exactly emerge as [the] new category in data of year census referred [as]. People Amount Betawi 778.953 souls and become resident majority Batavia at that time.
Antropolog Indonesia University other, Prof Dr Parsudi Suparlan state, awareness as a Betawi in the beginning of that ethnical group forming also have not yet mengakar. In everyday assocciation, they a more regular mentions it-self bases lokalitas their residence, like people Kemayoran, people Senen, or people Rawabelong.
Confession to existence of people Betawi as a ethnical group and as set of social and political in scope broader, namely Netherlands Indies, just emerge in 1923, moment Husni Thamrin, elite figure Betawi founds Perkoempoelan Kaoem Betawi. New at that time also all and sundry Betawi realizes them is a group, namely people group Betawi.
Ada also that have a notion that people Betawi not only cover mixture society in fortress Batavia that built by the Netherlands but also cover resident outside fortress is referred [as] so-called Betawi proto society. Local Resident outside fortress Batavia is referred [as] has used Malay [language], used occasionally in Sumatera, be next made as [the] national language. This condition happens because at sixth century, empire Sriwijaya attacks empire center Tarumanagara that located in north Jakarta until Malay [language] influence very strong here.
In other hand, agreement between Surawisesa (king Kerajaan Sunda) with portuguese in 1512 that enable Portugis to develop a community in Kalapa Sunda results mixed marriage between local resident and portuguese that degrade mixed blood Portugis. From this community born music keroncong music.
Language
Characteristic of muddle in dialect Betawi is reflection from culture Betawi in general, that is marriage [of] result many culture, both for indigenous to other area in Nusantara or foreign culture.
Ada also that have a notion that tribe that inhabit area of around Batavia is also grouped as [the] tribe Betawi early (proto Betawi). According to history, Empire Tarumanagara, that in Sundapura or Kalapa Sunda, ever attacked and conquered by empire Sriwijaya from Sumatera. In consequence,, no wonder if ethnical Sunda in Sunda port Kalapa, far before Sumpah Pemuda, has used Malay [language], used occasionally in Sumatera, be next made as [the] national language.
Because language difference that used [by] referred [as] then in the beginning of 20th-century, The Netherlands assumes one who live ins about/around Batavia as ethnical different with ethnical Sunda and call it as ethnical Betawi (word born of Batavia). Although during, still much area name and names river that still defended in Sundanese [language] like the saying of Ancol, Pancoran, Cilandak, Ciliwung, Cideng (that indigenous to Cihideung and then turn into Cideung and tearkhir becomes Cideng), and others that still in accordance with naming that depicted in codex Bujangga Manik[1] that at this time kept in library Bodleian, Oxford, UK.
Though formal language that used [by] in Jakarta is Indonesian [language], informal language or everyday parlance is dialect Indonesian [language] Betawi.
Art
In the field of artistry, for example, people Betawi have art Gambang Kromong that indigenous to music art Tionghoa, but also there is Rebana that take root at music tradition Arab, Music keroncong Tugu with background Portugis-Arab,and Tanjidor that belanda-anth berlatarbelakang. At this time Suku Betawi are recognized with art Lenong, Gambang Kromong, Rebana Tanjidor and Keroncong.
Culture
Characteristic of muddle in dialect Betawi is reflection from culture Betawi in general, that is marriage [of] result many culture, both for indigenous to other area in Nusantara or foreign culture. In the field of artistry, for example, people Betawi have art Gambang Kromong that indigenous to art of China music, but also there is Rebana that take root at music tradition Arab, Music keroncong Tugu with background Portugis-Arab,and Tanjidor that belanda-anth berlatarbelakang.
In biologis, those in confess as a Betawi is mixed blooded clan clan multifarious tribe and nation. They is result kawin-mawin antaretnis and nation in the past.
Sabtu, 26 Juli 2008
Outdoor Stereo Speaker
This night i reviewed a blog that describe about a music-freak. She suggest us to use stereo outdoor speaker. Visit Pink Ballerina for more information.
Adat House Banjar
Banjar House is traditional house tribe Banjar. Traditional Architecture its feature for example have epitomizing, have emphasis at roof, ornamental, dekoratif and symmetrical.
According to Idwar Saleh (1984:5) Tradisonal House Banjar is type-type Banjar specific house with its style and engraving by it self start before 1871 till in 1935. Generally Banjar traditional house is built with ber-anjung (ba-anjung) that is building wing that menjorok from beside right and left main building in consequence, called Rumah Baanjung. Facade is Banjar traditional house features, despite of also some type Rumah Banjars that not ber-anjung. House Type the most top-rating is Rumah Bubungan Tinggi that usually weared for building keraton (In sultan). Thus its value equal to joglo house in Java that weared as keraton. Supremacy [of] a power at a period of empire government measured by size amount and art quality and pride of empire buildings specially king's palace (Bubungan House Tinggi). In a perkampungan tribe Banjar consist of all kinds of house type Banjar that express social acceptability and also economy status the pawnbroker. In kampong referred [as] house is built with linear pattern follow direction of outflow river and also highway consist of house that built float over water, house that founded above river and also house that founded in land, good at wet farm (alluvial) and also dry farming.
History and Perkembangan Rumah Adat Banjar
Tradition House Banjar, usual called also with Rumah Bubungan Tinggi because form at its roof part that so fine-form with angle;corner 45ยบ.
Building Rumah Adat Banjar is predicted already there is since 16-th centuries, that is when area Banjar below/under power be next Pangeran Samudera embraces Islam, and alter whose name is become sultan Suriansyah by title Panembahan Batu Habang.Sebelum embraces sultan Islam Suriansyah is referred [as] embrace Hinduism. He/she leads Kerajaan Banjar in 1596–1620.
In the begining building of tradition house this Banjar have construction in form of parallelogram that memanjang forwards. Nevertheless its growth later, form of length parallelogram is referred [as] get addition beside left and building right and rather rear added with a fairish room of uniform length. This Addition in language Banjar is called disumbi.
Outbuilding beside left and tamapak this right patch (in language Banjar: Mango Sasikat) and menganjung exits. Outbuilding at the left side of and right is referred [as] called also facade; until later, building of tradition house Banjar more popular by the name of Rumah Ba-anjung.
Around 1850 housing buildingses in environment keraton Banjar, especially in environment keraton Martapura is provided with other building a variety of forms. Nevertheless Rumah Ba-anjung is prima facie mains building because house is referred [as] is palace of sultan residence.
Other buildings that accompany house building ba-anjung is referred [as] [is] so-called with Palimasan as [the] repository of sultanate [of] wealth property have the shape of gold and silver.
Hall Laki is residence [of] ministers sultanate, Hall Bini roof residence inang nursemaid, Elephant Manyusu residence of sultanate next of kin that is roof Gusti-Gusti and Anang.
Besides buildings will has been met next buildings so-called with Gajah Baliku, Palembangan, and Balai Seba.
At growth hereinafter, more and more housing buildings that founded either on about/around sultanate or in other area that imitate house constructure ba-anjung.
Until finally house form ba-anjung not next only is constructure that is sultanate features (keraton), but have come to features of resident house building area Banjar. Ba-anjung House this not even disseminates in South Kalimantan area, but also disseminate so that to Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan.
Although houses form that met in Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan have size that a few/little differ from Ba-anjung house in area Banjar, nevertheless fundamental constructure is features of tradition house building Banjar fixed looked to be.
In Tengah Kalimantan house form this ba-anjung can be met in area West Kotawaringin, that is in Pangkalan Bun, Kotawaringin Lama and Kumai.
Disseminate it form of tradition house Banjar was to area Kotawaringin [is] pass by forming of Kerajaan Kotawaringin that is resolving from Kerajaan region Banjar when governed by sultan Musta’inbillah.
Sultan Musta’inbillah command since 1650 till 1672, later, he/she is replaced by sultan Inayatullah.
Empire Kotawaringin that is region resolving Kerajaan Banjar is referred [as] governed by Pangeran Dipati Anta Kesuma as [the] its sultan [the] first.
Disseminate it form of tradition house Banjar to East Kalimantan area is caused by to the number of area resident Banjar that go abroad to this area, be next found its residence with house constructure ba-anjung as the same manner as house form in situ they.
The above is true finally building of tradition house Banjar or tradition house this ba-anjung disseminates everywhere, not even in South Kalimantan area, but also in Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan.
Part and Konstruksi Rumah Tradisonal Banjar
Foundation, Pillar and Tongkat
Nature Situation that bog-marshy riparian as [the] place early growing of Banjar traditional house, want building with high floor. Foundation, pillar and stick in this case so central. Foundation as [the] construction most elementary, usually use wood Kapur Naga or wood Galam. Pillar and stick use wood ulin, with amount reach 60 bars for pillar and 120 bars to walk stick.
Framework
This house Framework usually use traditional size fathom or sole of the size anomalous that trusted have magical value / sakral. Parts of frame are referred [as] is :
susuk are made of wood Ulin.
Tiebeam are made of wood Ulin, Belangiran, Resin Putih.
Floor from board Ulin 3 cms.
Watun Barasuk from balokan Ulin.
Turus Tawing from wood Damar.
Door frame and window from board and balokan Ulin.
Balabad from balokan wood Damar Putih. Mbr>
Footbridge Tikus from balokan wood Damar Putih.
Bujuran Sampiran and Gorden from balokan Ulin or Damar Putih.
Pillar Orong Orong and Sangga Ributnya and Tulang Bubungan from balokan wood Ulin, wood Lanan, and Damar Putih.
Kasau from balokan Ulin or Damar Putih.
Riing from wood blades Damar Putih
Floor
Beside usual floor, there is also floor so-called with Lantai Jarang or Lantai Ranggang. Ranggang Floor this usually existed in Surambi Muka, Facade Jurai and Ruang Padu, that is place pembasuhan or pambanyuan. Whereas that in Anjung Jurai for place bear and bath corpse. Usually materials that used [by] for floor is board ulin as wide as 20 cms, and for Lantai Ranggang from board Ulin as wide as 10 cms.
Wall
Its wall consist of board that attached with position stand up, until beside pillar also needed Turus Tawing and Balabad to paste up it. Its materials from board Ulin as [the] face wall. At part from other side and back and wall Tawing Halat use wood Ulin or Lanan. At part Anjung Kiwa, Facade Kanan, Facade Jurai and Ruang Padu, sometimes its wall uses Palupuh.
Roof
Building Roof usually become feature the most extrude from a building. In consequence, this building is called Rumah Bubungan Tinggi. Its roof Materials is made of sirap with wood materials Ulin or thatch roof.
Ornamentasi (Engraving)
Bubungan Tinggi traditional house Appearance is also supported by forms ornamen have the shape of engraving. Engraving Location is referred [as] usually existed on constructive part like pillar, tataban, pilis, and doorstep. As the same manner as at artistry that expand dibawah islam influence, motif that depicted is motif floral (leaf and flower). Animal motives like at the end of pilis that depict hornbill and fragon also distilir with motif floral. Despitefully there are also engraving of calligraphy form. Calligraphy Arab is decorative types that emerge latter that enrich decorative types tribe Banjar. (Museum Lambung Mangkurat pin-cushion Banjarbaru, “Tradisional House Bubungan Tinggi and Kelengkapannya”, 1992/1993)
Influence Sistem Religi and Sistem Pengetahuan
Though people Banjar have embraced islam, nevertheless in everyday activity that referring to culture has been sticked elementary body aninisme, Hindu-Buddha that expanded as [the] elementary tradition was at [the] past. However that thing not as a whole. Religi that assumed coming [from] is from Kaharingan that developed by Dyak. Hindu Influence, Buddha, Islam and also Christian meaningless ancestors trust with all ceremony religinya loses off hand. People Dayak that have embraced islam will Tribe Banjar and [shall] no longger pretend it as [the] tribe Dayak. Tribe Banjar almost all joints keagamaanya are relied on religious sentiment that coming from islam teaching. Thus every every household have related to equipments religious execution. As well as at Banjar traditional house many provided with related to engraving brotherhood, association, fertility, and also khat-khat calligraphy Arab that stem from islam teaching like two creed sentences, names Khalifah, Shalawat, or certain verses in Al-Qur’an.
Nevertheless engravings in Banjar house also there [is] still related to trust Kaharingan, Aninisme, Dinanisme, and also Hindu-Buddha, for example swastika, hornbill, fragon etc
Way Menentukan Ukuran Rumah Adat Banjar
Way Menentukan Ukuran Rumah Adat Banjar can be conducted with some ways, for example :
Length and wide house is determined size of husband fathom in number anomalous. (Depdikbud, Brotomoeljono, Tradisional House South Kalimantan, 1986 : 87)
Counted/calculated by take choice tiebeam, then counted/calculated with tiebeam calculation, geligir, gelugur. If its calculation ends in geligir or gelugur then that bad forerunner until must covered with tiebeam. Tiebeam Calculation will cause its house and dweller get peacefulness and harmonism. (Depdikbud, Brotomoeljono, Tradisional House South Kalimantan, 1986 : 87)
Other way round according to Alfani david, MA. (1997 : 462); Footage and wide house is symbolised eight size of animal device that is fragons, smoke, lion, dog, ox, ass, elephant, crow. Ideal Length is symbolised fragon and width are symbolised bad gajah.Yang [is] device of smoke animal, dog, ass, or crow. (Amount) length of someone fathom that develop house is divided eight deputize animal successively like referred [as] former. (Every fathom are multiplied 12). If house length 6 fathoms, mean 6 x 12 sizes or 72 sizes, then if its size is symbolised by fragon animal, shall added 1/12 next fathoms. For getting the device size elephant, that length is must added 7/12 fathoms or lessened 1/12 fathoms. (Alfani david, MA, Islam and Masyarakat Banjar, 1997 : 462)
Philosophy Rumah Adat Banjar
Type Dissociation and house form Banjar in accordance with philosophy and religi that coming from trust Kaharingan at tribe Dayak that divided universe becomes 2 parts, that is nature to the and nature bawah.Rumah Bubungan Tinggi is microcosm device in macrocosm that besar.Penghuni as if live in middle world part that flanked by world to the and world under. In their house live ins big family, unity from world to the and world under symbolises Mahatala and Jata (husband and wife).
Duumvirate Semesta
At agrarian civilization, house is assumed keramat because considered as place bersemayam in ghaib by deities like at Balai house tribe Dayak Bukit that as [the] ritual house. At a period of Kerajaan Negara Dipa ancestors buttonhole is realized in the form of man and woman idol that curtseyed and placed in palace. Extant Worship of ancestors late Maharaja worship Suryanata and Puteri Junjung Buih is marriage symbol (association) nature to the and nature under Kosmogoni Kaharingan-Hindu. Suryanata as [the] god manifestation Matahari (Surya) from trust elementary body Kaharingan-Hindu, sun that become orientation because published from east horizon (orient) always waited for its attendance as [the] life source, whereas Puteri Junjung Buih have the shape of water device, also device of land/ground fertility as Dewi Sri in Java. At a period of growing of Hindu empire, king's palace is power image even assumed blessing expression deity as [the] device manifestation Kosmos Makro into Kosmos Mikro. Female Junjung Buih as [the] epitomizing “Bawah world” whereas Pangeran Suryanata epitomizing “world to the”. At architecture Rumah Bubungan Tinggi elements influence is referred [as] admit of found. Form of fragon engraving that disguised/didestilir (bananagaan) symbolise “nature under” whereas hornbill engraving symbolises “nature to the”.
Tree Hayat
Form of house form Banjar Bubungan Tinggi with its roof that boost upwards is elementary image from a “body tree” that is cosmic device. Tree Hayat is dimensions mirroring from one alfven universe unity. Flora Engraving that fertility at Tawing Halat (Seketeng) is philosophy materialization “life tree” that by Dyak called Batang Garing in trust Kaharingan that ever ahead expand in South life of Kalimantan society at period previously.
Umbrella
Form of house form Banjar Bubungan Tinggi with its roof that boost upwards is an elementary image an umbrella that show a power orientation upwards. Umbrella also becomes epitomizing of the usual nobility uses “yellow umbrella” as [the] empire peripheral. Yellow Umbrella as [the] marking kemartabatan empire Banjar is given to functionaries empire in an area.
Symmetrical
Form of house form symmetrical Banjar Bubungan Tinggi, seen at form of building wing or facade that consisted of Anjung Kanan and Anjung Kiwa. This condition relates to symmetrical philosophy (well-balanced) in government Kerajaan Banjar, that divide ministry, become Mantri Panganan (Minister Group [of] Kanan) and Mantri Pangiwa (Minister Group [of] Kiri), each of them consist ofs 4 ministers, Titled Mantri Panganan ‘Patih’ and titled Mantri Pangiwa ‘The’, minister every-pillar haves team each. This symmetrical Concept tercermin at high cam house.
Kepala-Badan-Kaki
House Form Bubungan Tinggi is supposed human body are divided become 3 parts in vertical that is head, body and foot/feet. Whereas facade is supposed as [the] right hand and left hand that is right facade and facade kiwa (left).
Arrange Nilai Ruang
At Banjar house Bubungan Tinggi (palace) there is room Semi Publik that is Serambi or surambi that its position chronologically consist of surambi face, surambi greeting, and last surambi Pamedangan before enter main gate (Lawang Hadapan) on the wall front (Tawing Hadapan ) that carved with beautiful. After enter Main gate will enter room Semi Private. Visitor returns floor tread that consist of Panampik Kacil below/under, Panampik Tangah in the middle of and Panampik Basar above at front Tawing Halat or “middle wall” that show existence of arrange room value that hierarkis. Room Panampik Kecil place for children, room Panampik Tangah as [the] usual people place or young mans and most important is room Panampik Basar that destined for society figures, only well-informed one who and looked into just that not as yet common to sit in area is referred [as]. This condition shows existence of a manners also express existence of veneering of society social Banjar formerly that consist of flake is blue blooded group is called Tutus Raja (nob) and bottom layer is group Jaba (people) and between them is ordinary people group that has got [position/occupation]s in Kerajaan and magnate clan.
Tawing Halat/Seketeng
Banjar Bubungan Tinggi indoor Room is divided become room that have the character of private and flourish private. Range from to room Panampik Basar that have the character of flourish private and room Palidangan that have the character of private is dissociated by Tawing Halat that means “winnow wall”, if in Java area is called Seketeng. If there is traditional party and also menyampir (listen carefully) Shadow play Banjar then at this Tawing Halat its centre part can be opened until as if a transparent winnow line between two worlds (external and in) become opened. When executed “puppets sampir” then Tawing Halat that become constrictor between “in” (Palidangan) and external (Paluaran/Panampik Basar) become opened. Raja and its relatives and puppeteer it is at area “in” witness puppets child in the form of in origin whereas audiences resides in area “external” witness puppets in the form of shadow.
Ichnograph Cacak Burung
Ichnograph Rumah Banjar Bubungan Tinggi in form of “plus sign” that is intersection from building axises that is from direction of face rear and from direction of right to left that make up ichnograph pattern Cacak Burung that sakral. In its midst precise under frame construction Sangga Ribut below/under roof Bubungan Tinggi is Ruang Palidangan that is dot of axises intersection referred [as]. In cosmological then disinilah most important part from home Banjar Bubungan Tinggi. So this part the importance are enough deputized with appearance Tawing Halat (middle wall) that full [of] engravings (Tree Hayat) that palmy. Tawing Halat becomes attention focus and become esquire area. Tawang Halat protects area “in” that is dot of building center that is room Palidangan (Panampik Panangah).
According to Idwar Saleh (1984:5) Tradisonal House Banjar is type-type Banjar specific house with its style and engraving by it self start before 1871 till in 1935. Generally Banjar traditional house is built with ber-anjung (ba-anjung) that is building wing that menjorok from beside right and left main building in consequence, called Rumah Baanjung. Facade is Banjar traditional house features, despite of also some type Rumah Banjars that not ber-anjung. House Type the most top-rating is Rumah Bubungan Tinggi that usually weared for building keraton (In sultan). Thus its value equal to joglo house in Java that weared as keraton. Supremacy [of] a power at a period of empire government measured by size amount and art quality and pride of empire buildings specially king's palace (Bubungan House Tinggi). In a perkampungan tribe Banjar consist of all kinds of house type Banjar that express social acceptability and also economy status the pawnbroker. In kampong referred [as] house is built with linear pattern follow direction of outflow river and also highway consist of house that built float over water, house that founded above river and also house that founded in land, good at wet farm (alluvial) and also dry farming.
History and Perkembangan Rumah Adat Banjar
Tradition House Banjar, usual called also with Rumah Bubungan Tinggi because form at its roof part that so fine-form with angle;corner 45ยบ.
Building Rumah Adat Banjar is predicted already there is since 16-th centuries, that is when area Banjar below/under power be next Pangeran Samudera embraces Islam, and alter whose name is become sultan Suriansyah by title Panembahan Batu Habang.Sebelum embraces sultan Islam Suriansyah is referred [as] embrace Hinduism. He/she leads Kerajaan Banjar in 1596–1620.
In the begining building of tradition house this Banjar have construction in form of parallelogram that memanjang forwards. Nevertheless its growth later, form of length parallelogram is referred [as] get addition beside left and building right and rather rear added with a fairish room of uniform length. This Addition in language Banjar is called disumbi.
Outbuilding beside left and tamapak this right patch (in language Banjar: Mango Sasikat) and menganjung exits. Outbuilding at the left side of and right is referred [as] called also facade; until later, building of tradition house Banjar more popular by the name of Rumah Ba-anjung.
Around 1850 housing buildingses in environment keraton Banjar, especially in environment keraton Martapura is provided with other building a variety of forms. Nevertheless Rumah Ba-anjung is prima facie mains building because house is referred [as] is palace of sultan residence.
Other buildings that accompany house building ba-anjung is referred [as] [is] so-called with Palimasan as [the] repository of sultanate [of] wealth property have the shape of gold and silver.
Hall Laki is residence [of] ministers sultanate, Hall Bini roof residence inang nursemaid, Elephant Manyusu residence of sultanate next of kin that is roof Gusti-Gusti and Anang.
Besides buildings will has been met next buildings so-called with Gajah Baliku, Palembangan, and Balai Seba.
At growth hereinafter, more and more housing buildings that founded either on about/around sultanate or in other area that imitate house constructure ba-anjung.
Until finally house form ba-anjung not next only is constructure that is sultanate features (keraton), but have come to features of resident house building area Banjar. Ba-anjung House this not even disseminates in South Kalimantan area, but also disseminate so that to Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan.
Although houses form that met in Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan have size that a few/little differ from Ba-anjung house in area Banjar, nevertheless fundamental constructure is features of tradition house building Banjar fixed looked to be.
In Tengah Kalimantan house form this ba-anjung can be met in area West Kotawaringin, that is in Pangkalan Bun, Kotawaringin Lama and Kumai.
Disseminate it form of tradition house Banjar was to area Kotawaringin [is] pass by forming of Kerajaan Kotawaringin that is resolving from Kerajaan region Banjar when governed by sultan Musta’inbillah.
Sultan Musta’inbillah command since 1650 till 1672, later, he/she is replaced by sultan Inayatullah.
Empire Kotawaringin that is region resolving Kerajaan Banjar is referred [as] governed by Pangeran Dipati Anta Kesuma as [the] its sultan [the] first.
Disseminate it form of tradition house Banjar to East Kalimantan area is caused by to the number of area resident Banjar that go abroad to this area, be next found its residence with house constructure ba-anjung as the same manner as house form in situ they.
The above is true finally building of tradition house Banjar or tradition house this ba-anjung disseminates everywhere, not even in South Kalimantan area, but also in Kalimantan area Tengah and East Kalimantan.
Part and Konstruksi Rumah Tradisonal Banjar
Foundation, Pillar and Tongkat
Nature Situation that bog-marshy riparian as [the] place early growing of Banjar traditional house, want building with high floor. Foundation, pillar and stick in this case so central. Foundation as [the] construction most elementary, usually use wood Kapur Naga or wood Galam. Pillar and stick use wood ulin, with amount reach 60 bars for pillar and 120 bars to walk stick.
Framework
This house Framework usually use traditional size fathom or sole of the size anomalous that trusted have magical value / sakral. Parts of frame are referred [as] is :
susuk are made of wood Ulin.
Tiebeam are made of wood Ulin, Belangiran, Resin Putih.
Floor from board Ulin 3 cms.
Watun Barasuk from balokan Ulin.
Turus Tawing from wood Damar.
Door frame and window from board and balokan Ulin.
Balabad from balokan wood Damar Putih. Mbr>
Footbridge Tikus from balokan wood Damar Putih.
Bujuran Sampiran and Gorden from balokan Ulin or Damar Putih.
Pillar Orong Orong and Sangga Ributnya and Tulang Bubungan from balokan wood Ulin, wood Lanan, and Damar Putih.
Kasau from balokan Ulin or Damar Putih.
Riing from wood blades Damar Putih
Floor
Beside usual floor, there is also floor so-called with Lantai Jarang or Lantai Ranggang. Ranggang Floor this usually existed in Surambi Muka, Facade Jurai and Ruang Padu, that is place pembasuhan or pambanyuan. Whereas that in Anjung Jurai for place bear and bath corpse. Usually materials that used [by] for floor is board ulin as wide as 20 cms, and for Lantai Ranggang from board Ulin as wide as 10 cms.
Wall
Its wall consist of board that attached with position stand up, until beside pillar also needed Turus Tawing and Balabad to paste up it. Its materials from board Ulin as [the] face wall. At part from other side and back and wall Tawing Halat use wood Ulin or Lanan. At part Anjung Kiwa, Facade Kanan, Facade Jurai and Ruang Padu, sometimes its wall uses Palupuh.
Roof
Building Roof usually become feature the most extrude from a building. In consequence, this building is called Rumah Bubungan Tinggi. Its roof Materials is made of sirap with wood materials Ulin or thatch roof.
Ornamentasi (Engraving)
Bubungan Tinggi traditional house Appearance is also supported by forms ornamen have the shape of engraving. Engraving Location is referred [as] usually existed on constructive part like pillar, tataban, pilis, and doorstep. As the same manner as at artistry that expand dibawah islam influence, motif that depicted is motif floral (leaf and flower). Animal motives like at the end of pilis that depict hornbill and fragon also distilir with motif floral. Despitefully there are also engraving of calligraphy form. Calligraphy Arab is decorative types that emerge latter that enrich decorative types tribe Banjar. (Museum Lambung Mangkurat pin-cushion Banjarbaru, “Tradisional House Bubungan Tinggi and Kelengkapannya”, 1992/1993)
Influence Sistem Religi and Sistem Pengetahuan
Though people Banjar have embraced islam, nevertheless in everyday activity that referring to culture has been sticked elementary body aninisme, Hindu-Buddha that expanded as [the] elementary tradition was at [the] past. However that thing not as a whole. Religi that assumed coming [from] is from Kaharingan that developed by Dyak. Hindu Influence, Buddha, Islam and also Christian meaningless ancestors trust with all ceremony religinya loses off hand. People Dayak that have embraced islam will Tribe Banjar and [shall] no longger pretend it as [the] tribe Dayak. Tribe Banjar almost all joints keagamaanya are relied on religious sentiment that coming from islam teaching. Thus every every household have related to equipments religious execution. As well as at Banjar traditional house many provided with related to engraving brotherhood, association, fertility, and also khat-khat calligraphy Arab that stem from islam teaching like two creed sentences, names Khalifah, Shalawat, or certain verses in Al-Qur’an.
Nevertheless engravings in Banjar house also there [is] still related to trust Kaharingan, Aninisme, Dinanisme, and also Hindu-Buddha, for example swastika, hornbill, fragon etc
Way Menentukan Ukuran Rumah Adat Banjar
Way Menentukan Ukuran Rumah Adat Banjar can be conducted with some ways, for example :
Length and wide house is determined size of husband fathom in number anomalous. (Depdikbud, Brotomoeljono, Tradisional House South Kalimantan, 1986 : 87)
Counted/calculated by take choice tiebeam, then counted/calculated with tiebeam calculation, geligir, gelugur. If its calculation ends in geligir or gelugur then that bad forerunner until must covered with tiebeam. Tiebeam Calculation will cause its house and dweller get peacefulness and harmonism. (Depdikbud, Brotomoeljono, Tradisional House South Kalimantan, 1986 : 87)
Other way round according to Alfani david, MA. (1997 : 462); Footage and wide house is symbolised eight size of animal device that is fragons, smoke, lion, dog, ox, ass, elephant, crow. Ideal Length is symbolised fragon and width are symbolised bad gajah.Yang [is] device of smoke animal, dog, ass, or crow. (Amount) length of someone fathom that develop house is divided eight deputize animal successively like referred [as] former. (Every fathom are multiplied 12). If house length 6 fathoms, mean 6 x 12 sizes or 72 sizes, then if its size is symbolised by fragon animal, shall added 1/12 next fathoms. For getting the device size elephant, that length is must added 7/12 fathoms or lessened 1/12 fathoms. (Alfani david, MA, Islam and Masyarakat Banjar, 1997 : 462)
Philosophy Rumah Adat Banjar
Type Dissociation and house form Banjar in accordance with philosophy and religi that coming from trust Kaharingan at tribe Dayak that divided universe becomes 2 parts, that is nature to the and nature bawah.Rumah Bubungan Tinggi is microcosm device in macrocosm that besar.Penghuni as if live in middle world part that flanked by world to the and world under. In their house live ins big family, unity from world to the and world under symbolises Mahatala and Jata (husband and wife).
Duumvirate Semesta
At agrarian civilization, house is assumed keramat because considered as place bersemayam in ghaib by deities like at Balai house tribe Dayak Bukit that as [the] ritual house. At a period of Kerajaan Negara Dipa ancestors buttonhole is realized in the form of man and woman idol that curtseyed and placed in palace. Extant Worship of ancestors late Maharaja worship Suryanata and Puteri Junjung Buih is marriage symbol (association) nature to the and nature under Kosmogoni Kaharingan-Hindu. Suryanata as [the] god manifestation Matahari (Surya) from trust elementary body Kaharingan-Hindu, sun that become orientation because published from east horizon (orient) always waited for its attendance as [the] life source, whereas Puteri Junjung Buih have the shape of water device, also device of land/ground fertility as Dewi Sri in Java. At a period of growing of Hindu empire, king's palace is power image even assumed blessing expression deity as [the] device manifestation Kosmos Makro into Kosmos Mikro. Female Junjung Buih as [the] epitomizing “Bawah world” whereas Pangeran Suryanata epitomizing “world to the”. At architecture Rumah Bubungan Tinggi elements influence is referred [as] admit of found. Form of fragon engraving that disguised/didestilir (bananagaan) symbolise “nature under” whereas hornbill engraving symbolises “nature to the”.
Tree Hayat
Form of house form Banjar Bubungan Tinggi with its roof that boost upwards is elementary image from a “body tree” that is cosmic device. Tree Hayat is dimensions mirroring from one alfven universe unity. Flora Engraving that fertility at Tawing Halat (Seketeng) is philosophy materialization “life tree” that by Dyak called Batang Garing in trust Kaharingan that ever ahead expand in South life of Kalimantan society at period previously.
Umbrella
Form of house form Banjar Bubungan Tinggi with its roof that boost upwards is an elementary image an umbrella that show a power orientation upwards. Umbrella also becomes epitomizing of the usual nobility uses “yellow umbrella” as [the] empire peripheral. Yellow Umbrella as [the] marking kemartabatan empire Banjar is given to functionaries empire in an area.
Symmetrical
Form of house form symmetrical Banjar Bubungan Tinggi, seen at form of building wing or facade that consisted of Anjung Kanan and Anjung Kiwa. This condition relates to symmetrical philosophy (well-balanced) in government Kerajaan Banjar, that divide ministry, become Mantri Panganan (Minister Group [of] Kanan) and Mantri Pangiwa (Minister Group [of] Kiri), each of them consist ofs 4 ministers, Titled Mantri Panganan ‘Patih’ and titled Mantri Pangiwa ‘The’, minister every-pillar haves team each. This symmetrical Concept tercermin at high cam house.
Kepala-Badan-Kaki
House Form Bubungan Tinggi is supposed human body are divided become 3 parts in vertical that is head, body and foot/feet. Whereas facade is supposed as [the] right hand and left hand that is right facade and facade kiwa (left).
Arrange Nilai Ruang
At Banjar house Bubungan Tinggi (palace) there is room Semi Publik that is Serambi or surambi that its position chronologically consist of surambi face, surambi greeting, and last surambi Pamedangan before enter main gate (Lawang Hadapan) on the wall front (Tawing Hadapan ) that carved with beautiful. After enter Main gate will enter room Semi Private. Visitor returns floor tread that consist of Panampik Kacil below/under, Panampik Tangah in the middle of and Panampik Basar above at front Tawing Halat or “middle wall” that show existence of arrange room value that hierarkis. Room Panampik Kecil place for children, room Panampik Tangah as [the] usual people place or young mans and most important is room Panampik Basar that destined for society figures, only well-informed one who and looked into just that not as yet common to sit in area is referred [as]. This condition shows existence of a manners also express existence of veneering of society social Banjar formerly that consist of flake is blue blooded group is called Tutus Raja (nob) and bottom layer is group Jaba (people) and between them is ordinary people group that has got [position/occupation]s in Kerajaan and magnate clan.
Tawing Halat/Seketeng
Banjar Bubungan Tinggi indoor Room is divided become room that have the character of private and flourish private. Range from to room Panampik Basar that have the character of flourish private and room Palidangan that have the character of private is dissociated by Tawing Halat that means “winnow wall”, if in Java area is called Seketeng. If there is traditional party and also menyampir (listen carefully) Shadow play Banjar then at this Tawing Halat its centre part can be opened until as if a transparent winnow line between two worlds (external and in) become opened. When executed “puppets sampir” then Tawing Halat that become constrictor between “in” (Palidangan) and external (Paluaran/Panampik Basar) become opened. Raja and its relatives and puppeteer it is at area “in” witness puppets child in the form of in origin whereas audiences resides in area “external” witness puppets in the form of shadow.
Ichnograph Cacak Burung
Ichnograph Rumah Banjar Bubungan Tinggi in form of “plus sign” that is intersection from building axises that is from direction of face rear and from direction of right to left that make up ichnograph pattern Cacak Burung that sakral. In its midst precise under frame construction Sangga Ribut below/under roof Bubungan Tinggi is Ruang Palidangan that is dot of axises intersection referred [as]. In cosmological then disinilah most important part from home Banjar Bubungan Tinggi. So this part the importance are enough deputized with appearance Tawing Halat (middle wall) that full [of] engravings (Tree Hayat) that palmy. Tawing Halat becomes attention focus and become esquire area. Tawang Halat protects area “in” that is dot of building center that is room Palidangan (Panampik Panangah).
Jumat, 25 Juli 2008
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hisam
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You have just discovered a full resource of information on how to make money online, and work at home, with free programs. I have researched, explored and have tried several ways of online money making and which I share here. I value your comments. I won't promise you riches, but I can promise valuable information and total honesty at all times. Your Success is My Achievement! Don't forget to visit my new website Earn Money Online and my new blog Freebies in UK
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Just a girl, finding her way through life. A little hard-headed, a bit skeptical, more compassionate and gentle if need be. It's complicated
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I have to say thatit is not the first place that I would have looked but I was searching for a Freelander. It is a car that I have always liked and is perfect for the area that I live in, which is quite rural, if a little out of my price range (the Land Rover Freelander 2 TD 4 HSE is £30,960), but a girl can dream.
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We all know that checking out consumer and reporter reviews is better than relying on the biased information offered up by various companies about their own products, but if you do want a comprehensive overview of the Freelander, or anything else for that matter, the The Independent is a great place to start. Check out the review for yourself if you don't believe me. I guarantee that you'll be impressed... by the Frelander itself as well as the quality of the review! I definitely want one now!
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Tribe Banjar
Tribe Banjar
Tribe Banjar is tribe that occupy a large part of regions Provinsi South Kalimantan, some of East Kalimantans and some of Kalimantans Tengah especially area plain and downstream part from River basin (DAS) in region is referred [as]. Tribe Banjar indigenous to area Banjar that is nucleus/core region from sultanate Banjar covers DAS Barito downstream part, DAS Bahan (Country), DAS Martapura and DAS Tabanio.
According to Alfani david (1997), tribe Banjar is genuiness [of] tribe a large part of regions Provinsi South Kalimantan, unless in Kabupaten Kota Baru.
Tribe Genesis Banjar
Tribe Banjar is anticipated berintikan resident comes [from] Sumatera or vinicity area, that developed new fatherland in this quarter about/around more than a thousand year(s) ago. After elapse a period of old ones very finally,-after mixe with resident that more genuiness, the usual are named as [the] tribe Dayak, and with immigrants that coming belakangan-terbentuklah in any case three subsukus, that is (Banjar) Pahuluan, (Banjar) Bar Banyu, and Banjar (Confluence).
People Pahuluan at its principle [is] resident of dales area river (branch river Negara) that to mountain Meratus, people Batang Banyu inhabit river basin Negara, whereas people Banjar (Confluence) inhabit about/around Banjarmasin (and Martapura).
Language that they develop named language Banjar, which is on its principle is Sumatera Malay [language] or vinicity-, that in it there are a lot of vocabulary come [from] Dayak and come [from] Java.
Name Banjar is obtained/got because they former-before are abolished in 1860-, is sultanate citizen Banjarmasin or shortened Banjar, in accordance with name ibukotanya at beginning forming of. When capital of carried over hinterland direction, last in Martapura, name will likely has been standard or incorruptible next.
Nucleus/core Suku Banjar
According to Alfani david (Islam and Masyarakat Banjar, 1997), tribe nucleus/core Banjar is roof Malay pendatang from Sumatera and its surroundings, whereas according to Idwar Saleh exactly tribe aborigin Dayak (be next mixed political unity form as the same manner as Bangsa Indonesia provided with language Indonesia-nya).
According to Idwar Saleh (In a flash Mengenai Daerah Banjar and Kebudayaan Sungainya To the last 19th-century, 1986): " During we get fourth keraton is cusion in keraton....Here we get not tribe Banjar, because ethnic unity there is no, existing is group or big group that is group Banjar Kuala, group Banjar Batang Banyu and Banjar Pahuluan. [the] first live in area Banjar Kuala up to area Martapura. Second live in as long as river Tabalong from its estuary in river Barito up to Kelua. Third live in foot/feet mountain Meratus from Tanjung till Pelaihari. Group Banjar Kuala indigenous to unity-ethnic Ngaju, group Banjar Batang Banyu indigenous to unity-ethnic Maanyan, group Banjar Pahuluan indigenous to unity-ethnic Bukit. Third this is the its nucleus. They assume more civilized and become criterion with not Banjar, that is group Kaharingan, with people jeer Dusun, people Biaju, Hill etc".
Hereinafter according to Idwar Saleh (paper Perang Banjar 1859-1865, 1991): "When Pangeran Samudera found empire Banjar he/she is helped by people Ngaju, helped patih-patihnya like patih Balandean, Patih Belitung, Patih Kuwin etc and people Bakumpai defeated. As well as resident Daha that defeated a large part of people Bukit and Manyan. This Group is given new religion that is Islam, then swear out stick by king, and as [the] devoted sign wear new mother tongue and leave old mother tongue. Thus people that Banjar not ethnical unity but political unity, like indonesian nation".
Then can be taken conclusion that Suku Banjar is divided 3 subetnises base its teritorial and elementary body [of] that form tribe bases cultural and genetic persfeketif that depict entry of resident pendatang to aborigin region Dayak:
Banjar Pahuluan is Malay mixture and Bukit (Hill as [the] group feature)
Banjar Batangbanyu is Malay mixture, Maanyan, Lawangan, Hill and Java (Maanyan as [the] group feature)
Banjar Kuala is Malay mixture, Ngaju, Barangas, Bakumpai, Maanyan, Lawangan, Hill and Java (Ngaju as [the] group feature)
By take opinion Idwar Saleh about tribe nucleus/core Banjar, then tribe mixing Banjar with tribe Dayak Ngaju/tribe serumpunnya (Group West Barito) that reside in westside Banjarmasin (Tengah Kalimantan) can we assume as a group Banjar Kuala also. Beside north South Kalimantan happens tribe mixing Banjar with tribe Maanyan/tribe serumpunnya (Group East Barito) like Dusun, Lawangan and tribe Pasir in East Kalimantan that also Lawangan, can we assume as a group Banjar Batang Banyu. Tribe Mixing Banjar in south-east Kalimantan that many existed tribe Bukit we assume as Banjar Pahuluan.ontinuation from empire Daha in the form of empire Banjar islam and berpadunya tribe Ngaju, Maanyan and Bukit as [the] nucleus/core. This is resident Banjarmasih when in 1526 founded. In amalgamasi (mixture) new this already mixed Malay elementary body, Java, Ngaju, Maanyan, Hill and tribe small other bound by Islam, Banjar and mores Banjar by existing culture diff
Tribe Banjar is tribe that occupy a large part of regions Provinsi South Kalimantan, some of East Kalimantans and some of Kalimantans Tengah especially area plain and downstream part from River basin (DAS) in region is referred [as]. Tribe Banjar indigenous to area Banjar that is nucleus/core region from sultanate Banjar covers DAS Barito downstream part, DAS Bahan (Country), DAS Martapura and DAS Tabanio.
According to Alfani david (1997), tribe Banjar is genuiness [of] tribe a large part of regions Provinsi South Kalimantan, unless in Kabupaten Kota Baru.
Tribe Genesis Banjar
Tribe Banjar is anticipated berintikan resident comes [from] Sumatera or vinicity area, that developed new fatherland in this quarter about/around more than a thousand year(s) ago. After elapse a period of old ones very finally,-after mixe with resident that more genuiness, the usual are named as [the] tribe Dayak, and with immigrants that coming belakangan-terbentuklah in any case three subsukus, that is (Banjar) Pahuluan, (Banjar) Bar Banyu, and Banjar (Confluence).
People Pahuluan at its principle [is] resident of dales area river (branch river Negara) that to mountain Meratus, people Batang Banyu inhabit river basin Negara, whereas people Banjar (Confluence) inhabit about/around Banjarmasin (and Martapura).
Language that they develop named language Banjar, which is on its principle is Sumatera Malay [language] or vinicity-, that in it there are a lot of vocabulary come [from] Dayak and come [from] Java.
Name Banjar is obtained/got because they former-before are abolished in 1860-, is sultanate citizen Banjarmasin or shortened Banjar, in accordance with name ibukotanya at beginning forming of. When capital of carried over hinterland direction, last in Martapura, name will likely has been standard or incorruptible next.
Nucleus/core Suku Banjar
According to Alfani david (Islam and Masyarakat Banjar, 1997), tribe nucleus/core Banjar is roof Malay pendatang from Sumatera and its surroundings, whereas according to Idwar Saleh exactly tribe aborigin Dayak (be next mixed political unity form as the same manner as Bangsa Indonesia provided with language Indonesia-nya).
According to Idwar Saleh (In a flash Mengenai Daerah Banjar and Kebudayaan Sungainya To the last 19th-century, 1986): " During we get fourth keraton is cusion in keraton....Here we get not tribe Banjar, because ethnic unity there is no, existing is group or big group that is group Banjar Kuala, group Banjar Batang Banyu and Banjar Pahuluan. [the] first live in area Banjar Kuala up to area Martapura. Second live in as long as river Tabalong from its estuary in river Barito up to Kelua. Third live in foot/feet mountain Meratus from Tanjung till Pelaihari. Group Banjar Kuala indigenous to unity-ethnic Ngaju, group Banjar Batang Banyu indigenous to unity-ethnic Maanyan, group Banjar Pahuluan indigenous to unity-ethnic Bukit. Third this is the its nucleus. They assume more civilized and become criterion with not Banjar, that is group Kaharingan, with people jeer Dusun, people Biaju, Hill etc".
Hereinafter according to Idwar Saleh (paper Perang Banjar 1859-1865, 1991): "When Pangeran Samudera found empire Banjar he/she is helped by people Ngaju, helped patih-patihnya like patih Balandean, Patih Belitung, Patih Kuwin etc and people Bakumpai defeated. As well as resident Daha that defeated a large part of people Bukit and Manyan. This Group is given new religion that is Islam, then swear out stick by king, and as [the] devoted sign wear new mother tongue and leave old mother tongue. Thus people that Banjar not ethnical unity but political unity, like indonesian nation".
Then can be taken conclusion that Suku Banjar is divided 3 subetnises base its teritorial and elementary body [of] that form tribe bases cultural and genetic persfeketif that depict entry of resident pendatang to aborigin region Dayak:
Banjar Pahuluan is Malay mixture and Bukit (Hill as [the] group feature)
Banjar Batangbanyu is Malay mixture, Maanyan, Lawangan, Hill and Java (Maanyan as [the] group feature)
Banjar Kuala is Malay mixture, Ngaju, Barangas, Bakumpai, Maanyan, Lawangan, Hill and Java (Ngaju as [the] group feature)
By take opinion Idwar Saleh about tribe nucleus/core Banjar, then tribe mixing Banjar with tribe Dayak Ngaju/tribe serumpunnya (Group West Barito) that reside in westside Banjarmasin (Tengah Kalimantan) can we assume as a group Banjar Kuala also. Beside north South Kalimantan happens tribe mixing Banjar with tribe Maanyan/tribe serumpunnya (Group East Barito) like Dusun, Lawangan and tribe Pasir in East Kalimantan that also Lawangan, can we assume as a group Banjar Batang Banyu. Tribe Mixing Banjar in south-east Kalimantan that many existed tribe Bukit we assume as Banjar Pahuluan.ontinuation from empire Daha in the form of empire Banjar islam and berpadunya tribe Ngaju, Maanyan and Bukit as [the] nucleus/core. This is resident Banjarmasih when in 1526 founded. In amalgamasi (mixture) new this already mixed Malay elementary body, Java, Ngaju, Maanyan, Hill and tribe small other bound by Islam, Banjar and mores Banjar by existing culture diff
Rabu, 23 Juli 2008
http://stripybubble.blogspot.com/
New Ideas from India
Check this out: subash gives nothing for anything
Now a days its really easy to stay connected. People from different cultures, countries and continents have an ability to stay in touch and learn from each other. Our world view widens each day and with that, we become more aware of our surroundings. Lately blogging became more and more available, attractive to people, I will even use the word popular to describe it. Through this we are able to read views of regular people, not censored information presented to us on the news.
This is an example of a young man writing about his ideas, thoughts and beliefs. He exposes his own culture to us, and makes us aware of things that we didn't even think about. For an example, he has a blog entry about Hostel Life. I never even considered the fact that you can live in a hostel while in persuing higher education, but hostel life i found was an interesting way to live (although mostly uncomfortable).
Keep writing, this blog is very interesting to read!
stripy bubble, ideas, opinions, reviews
Check this out: subash gives nothing for anything
Now a days its really easy to stay connected. People from different cultures, countries and continents have an ability to stay in touch and learn from each other. Our world view widens each day and with that, we become more aware of our surroundings. Lately blogging became more and more available, attractive to people, I will even use the word popular to describe it. Through this we are able to read views of regular people, not censored information presented to us on the news.
This is an example of a young man writing about his ideas, thoughts and beliefs. He exposes his own culture to us, and makes us aware of things that we didn't even think about. For an example, he has a blog entry about Hostel Life. I never even considered the fact that you can live in a hostel while in persuing higher education, but hostel life i found was an interesting way to live (although mostly uncomfortable).
Keep writing, this blog is very interesting to read!
stripy bubble, ideas, opinions, reviews
Minggu, 20 Juli 2008
The Untouchables
I review about Shakir Lakhani's blog,this is one of his article. Visit his blog if you are interested. Thank You
As usual, the government has penalised the industrialists that are desperately trying to run their factories. By increasing the sales tax, withholding tax, tax on electricity bills, salaries and other sources, the authorities have dealt a deathblow to the already sick industrial sector of the economy. At the same time, nothing has been done to ensure that those looting the country are taxed. The smugglers and those that indulge in under-invoicing and mis-declaration of imported goods have not been touched. Neither have the retailers been taxed. Absolutely no steps have been taken to generate employment. Instead of revenue, this budget will generate more thieves, robbers and smugglers. But then, in the words of our prime minister, there are also ‘honourable families’ engaged in hoarding and black-marketing.
SHAKIR LAKHANI
Friday, June 13, 2008
Click Here if you want to know more :
The writer's blog
As usual, the government has penalised the industrialists that are desperately trying to run their factories. By increasing the sales tax, withholding tax, tax on electricity bills, salaries and other sources, the authorities have dealt a deathblow to the already sick industrial sector of the economy. At the same time, nothing has been done to ensure that those looting the country are taxed. The smugglers and those that indulge in under-invoicing and mis-declaration of imported goods have not been touched. Neither have the retailers been taxed. Absolutely no steps have been taken to generate employment. Instead of revenue, this budget will generate more thieves, robbers and smugglers. But then, in the words of our prime minister, there are also ‘honourable families’ engaged in hoarding and black-marketing.
SHAKIR LAKHANI
Friday, June 13, 2008
Click Here if you want to know more :
The writer's blog
Jay's Corner
I review about Jay's Corner Blog his blog contains stuffs right from details about movies to some really interesting career opportunities and some details about cartoons and also gadgets.
This picture is taken from a SLR camera. Yes! This is the latest gadget that many professional photographers and serious amateurs are using and they've felt it to be simply amazing.
WHAT IS SLR??
Unlike the non- SLR(Single-Lens Reflex) cameras (ie. the normal compact cameras) this one uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging system and its entire speciality is that these camera produces high quality images. This is the feature that makes this camera stand one step higher than other compact cameras.
This SLR camera offers 8 megapixel camera which has a better sensor and produces great picture because there exists no noise. If you want a digital SLR go for Nikon and Canon, they are the best brands that I would suggest. The usual delay that occurs in the compact cameras does not exist in this and so you can get the exact picture of whatever you clicked. these cameras are bigger than usual but if you are really photography crazy then I am sure you will prefer this one.
Advantages:
---> Low price
---> More lenses and filters- this is for the variety of pictures either making the picture look artistic or natural.
---> the 35mm films being used are available worldwide and so there is no problem you will ever face about the memory cards or battery recharging.
Get a SLR and enjoy every moment by clicking!
write what you feel
Sabtu, 19 Juli 2008
Want to Know More About health,fitness, photography, random thoughts and any unique contents?
This blog provides you many information about health,photography,random thoughts and so on.
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Indian Stock Market
Stock market India. Kita biggest Strength today is that we is online since 10 year...we have saw all bullishs and growl phases stock market, [that] has strenghtened understanding [from] our market and given us/we energy (energy) to maintain pass by all cycles. 10 year existances Kita in the field of our share of acceptability show market and fact that any 'search engine' main pertained us/we among their top seeking in keyword of stock market Indies go to show credibility.
"Just prior to news that SENSEX experiences of;try one deepness (index drops 2% above/to sixth October by it self), Gulbir Madan Neptunus Capital Management tells IndiaStockMarket.com that he be blind to collect continue, at least not in step at this time its. That not for considered as [the] bad news, however. "Collect [is] one product from too much euphoria," Correspond tell, "even locals has made a bolt for hubbub. Journey forwards, India will, on my opinion, one big invesment story, but market needs one jiggles so that fall weak hand speed pin-cushion [from] current go ups [is] too much and too fasting. A healthy correction will conduct everybody [of] many good. Correction has started and will maybe continue for a few month."
"There is one big opportunity amount with smaller company that is experiencing of;try growth in India," Correspond tell biggest position is in the market leader Reliance. Correspond express that he also see opportunity in company Bajaj Auto, as well as room/infrastructure space expands.
Jeffrey Joerres, Chief and CEO Manpower Inc. (NYSE: MAN) expostulated with IndiaStockMarket.com its news where company recently mengakuisisi three divisions/division [from] THE ABC Consultants, Executive Election and company of professional recruitment prima facie India. "We had been more than folded duplicated our footprint and had at this time become biggest provider [from] employment service in this market. This condition is both, that is one strategic and tactical invesment for us/we market pin-cushion India is above/to fire this time."
In/in night September, Aethlon Medical, Inc. (OTCBB: AEMD), announce that they will start their clinical test Hemopurifier(TM) (Aethlon Hepatitis-C (HCV) handling technology) in Apollo Hospital, Delhi Baru. Aethlon Chairman & CEO, James A. Joyce, expressed, "Rotten Fact is that 50% from patient Hepatitis-C that started standard of care at this time discomfit this remarkable poisonous handling way of living." Joyce continues, "We clearly envision that we Hemopurifier(TM) handling technology will improve patient result as one therapy adjunctive, and will act as one peripheral (tool) effective disease management as a selfsupporting handling."
Live NSE BSE
"Just prior to news that SENSEX experiences of;try one deepness (index drops 2% above/to sixth October by it self), Gulbir Madan Neptunus Capital Management tells IndiaStockMarket.com that he be blind to collect continue, at least not in step at this time its. That not for considered as [the] bad news, however. "Collect [is] one product from too much euphoria," Correspond tell, "even locals has made a bolt for hubbub. Journey forwards, India will, on my opinion, one big invesment story, but market needs one jiggles so that fall weak hand speed pin-cushion [from] current go ups [is] too much and too fasting. A healthy correction will conduct everybody [of] many good. Correction has started and will maybe continue for a few month."
"There is one big opportunity amount with smaller company that is experiencing of;try growth in India," Correspond tell biggest position is in the market leader Reliance. Correspond express that he also see opportunity in company Bajaj Auto, as well as room/infrastructure space expands.
Jeffrey Joerres, Chief and CEO Manpower Inc. (NYSE: MAN) expostulated with IndiaStockMarket.com its news where company recently mengakuisisi three divisions/division [from] THE ABC Consultants, Executive Election and company of professional recruitment prima facie India. "We had been more than folded duplicated our footprint and had at this time become biggest provider [from] employment service in this market. This condition is both, that is one strategic and tactical invesment for us/we market pin-cushion India is above/to fire this time."
In/in night September, Aethlon Medical, Inc. (OTCBB: AEMD), announce that they will start their clinical test Hemopurifier(TM) (Aethlon Hepatitis-C (HCV) handling technology) in Apollo Hospital, Delhi Baru. Aethlon Chairman & CEO, James A. Joyce, expressed, "Rotten Fact is that 50% from patient Hepatitis-C that started standard of care at this time discomfit this remarkable poisonous handling way of living." Joyce continues, "We clearly envision that we Hemopurifier(TM) handling technology will improve patient result as one therapy adjunctive, and will act as one peripheral (tool) effective disease management as a selfsupporting handling."
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Anggrek
The ethnic group orchid-anggrekan or Orchidaceae was one blossoming plants ethnic group with the most kind member. His kinds were spread the area from the area of the wet tropics to the territory sirkumpolar, although most of his members were found in the area of the tropics. Most of the ethnic group's members lived as the epiphyte, especially that came from the area of the tropics. The orchid in the area have a climate usually lived in the land and formed the roots as the adapting method towards the cold season. His organs that tended thick and "plump" (sukulen) made him kept faced the availability pressure of water. The epiphyte orchid could live from dew and humid air. The importance member who was known to be good humankind was the orchid decorated as well as vanilla.
The characteristics of botany
The characteristics of this botany of the ethnic group's Member tended to have the organs that sukulen or "plump": thick with the content of high water. Therefore he could live in the condition for the availability of low water. Water was received from rain, the drop, dew, or steam in air. Nevertheless, the orchid was not found in the area of the desert because perakaran him was not intensive. The orchid liked the sunlight but indirectly so as he is normally found in the wild as floor plants of the forest or under the auspices of. As decorative plants, the orchid kept in space.
The fibre root, not in. Epiphyte kinds that is developing the root sukulen and adhered to his place tree trunk tumbuh,namun did not damage the foster-mother's tree. There were also those who grew geofitis,dengan the other term terrestria meaning that growing in the land with roots in the land. There is also that was saprofit, grew to the dry media and rotten woods of the leaves that rotted to humus. To the surface of the root often was found the root fungus (mikoriza) that bersimbiosis with the orchid.
The stick of the orchid beruas-part. The orchid that lived in the land (the land orchid) his stick was short and tended to resemble the roots. In the meantime, his orchid of the stick epiphyte grew good, often thickened and protected the layer of the candle to prevent evaporation being abundant. The growth of the stick could be "memanjang" (monopodial) or "widened" (simpodial), depended his genus. The orchid leaves are usually oval memanjang with leaves bones memanjang also, typical the leaves monokotil. The leaves could also thicken and function as penyimpan water.
The orchid have the shape of typical and to penciri that distinguished him from the ethnic group's other member. Orchids were compiled compound, emerged from the stem of the flower that memanjang, emerged from the leaves armpit. His flower bilateral symmetry. The sheet of the flower Sheath (sepal) usually coloured resembled the flower crown (so as to be mentioned tepal). One sheet of the flower crown was modified formed a kind of "tongue" that protected a structure of accessories that brought the stamen and putik. The stamen had the stem was very short with two heads of the main point had the shape of the small disc (was mentioned "pollinia") and most protected by the small structure that must be opened by insects penyerbuk (or humankind for vanilla) and brought pollen to the mouth putik. Without help of the organism penyerbuk, pollination will not happen.
The orchid had the shape of the coloured capsule green and if cooked dried up and be open from alongside. His seed was very small and light, so as to be easy to be brought the wind. The orchid seed did not have the network penyimpan the food reserve; in fact his embryo did not yet achieve the perfect maturity. The germination just happened if the seed fell for the appropriate medium and continued his development through to the maturity.
The characteristics of botany
The characteristics of this botany of the ethnic group's Member tended to have the organs that sukulen or "plump": thick with the content of high water. Therefore he could live in the condition for the availability of low water. Water was received from rain, the drop, dew, or steam in air. Nevertheless, the orchid was not found in the area of the desert because perakaran him was not intensive. The orchid liked the sunlight but indirectly so as he is normally found in the wild as floor plants of the forest or under the auspices of. As decorative plants, the orchid kept in space.
The fibre root, not in. Epiphyte kinds that is developing the root sukulen and adhered to his place tree trunk tumbuh,namun did not damage the foster-mother's tree. There were also those who grew geofitis,dengan the other term terrestria meaning that growing in the land with roots in the land. There is also that was saprofit, grew to the dry media and rotten woods of the leaves that rotted to humus. To the surface of the root often was found the root fungus (mikoriza) that bersimbiosis with the orchid.
The stick of the orchid beruas-part. The orchid that lived in the land (the land orchid) his stick was short and tended to resemble the roots. In the meantime, his orchid of the stick epiphyte grew good, often thickened and protected the layer of the candle to prevent evaporation being abundant. The growth of the stick could be "memanjang" (monopodial) or "widened" (simpodial), depended his genus. The orchid leaves are usually oval memanjang with leaves bones memanjang also, typical the leaves monokotil. The leaves could also thicken and function as penyimpan water.
The orchid have the shape of typical and to penciri that distinguished him from the ethnic group's other member. Orchids were compiled compound, emerged from the stem of the flower that memanjang, emerged from the leaves armpit. His flower bilateral symmetry. The sheet of the flower Sheath (sepal) usually coloured resembled the flower crown (so as to be mentioned tepal). One sheet of the flower crown was modified formed a kind of "tongue" that protected a structure of accessories that brought the stamen and putik. The stamen had the stem was very short with two heads of the main point had the shape of the small disc (was mentioned "pollinia") and most protected by the small structure that must be opened by insects penyerbuk (or humankind for vanilla) and brought pollen to the mouth putik. Without help of the organism penyerbuk, pollination will not happen.
The orchid had the shape of the coloured capsule green and if cooked dried up and be open from alongside. His seed was very small and light, so as to be easy to be brought the wind. The orchid seed did not have the network penyimpan the food reserve; in fact his embryo did not yet achieve the perfect maturity. The germination just happened if the seed fell for the appropriate medium and continued his development through to the maturity.
Jumat, 18 Juli 2008
Ludruk
Ludruk.
Ludruk was traditional drama art from East Java. Ludruk was a traditional drama that was exhibited by a group of art that in presented disebuah the stage by taking the story about the life of the everyday people, the struggle story et cetera who was come between with the joke and was accompanied with the gamelan as music. The dialogue/the monologue in ludruk was entertained and made his spectator laugh, used the typical Surabaya language, although occasionally had the guest star from the other area like Jombang, Malang, Madura, Madiun with the different accent. The pertinent language that was used in ludruk, made him find it easy to be absorbed by the non intellect circle (the pedicab driver, the watchman, the driver angkotan, etc).
A staging ludruk normally was begun with the Remo Dance and was come between with the staging of a leading figure that memerakan "Mr Sakera", a person jagoan Madura. Kartolo was a comedian ludruk legendary from Surabaya, East Java. He already more than 40 years lived in the world of art ludruk. The Kartolo name and his voice that were typical, with the plain and smart prank, were known almost all over East Java, in fact as far as Central Java. Ludruk be different from ketoprak from Central Java. Related ketoprak often was taken from the ancient story (the history and the fairy tale), and was sent the certain message. Now ludruk told how the story lived everyday (usually) the man in the street's circle.
Ludruk was traditional drama art from East Java. Ludruk was a traditional drama that was exhibited by a group of art that in presented disebuah the stage by taking the story about the life of the everyday people, the struggle story et cetera who was come between with the joke and was accompanied with the gamelan as music. The dialogue/the monologue in ludruk was entertained and made his spectator laugh, used the typical Surabaya language, although occasionally had the guest star from the other area like Jombang, Malang, Madura, Madiun with the different accent. The pertinent language that was used in ludruk, made him find it easy to be absorbed by the non intellect circle (the pedicab driver, the watchman, the driver angkotan, etc).
A staging ludruk normally was begun with the Remo Dance and was come between with the staging of a leading figure that memerakan "Mr Sakera", a person jagoan Madura. Kartolo was a comedian ludruk legendary from Surabaya, East Java. He already more than 40 years lived in the world of art ludruk. The Kartolo name and his voice that were typical, with the plain and smart prank, were known almost all over East Java, in fact as far as Central Java. Ludruk be different from ketoprak from Central Java. Related ketoprak often was taken from the ancient story (the history and the fairy tale), and was sent the certain message. Now ludruk told how the story lived everyday (usually) the man in the street's circle.
Kunir
Kunir or turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn. syn. Curcuma domestica Val. ) including one of the spices crops and original medicine from the South-East Asian territory. This crop afterwards experienced the spread to the area of Indo-Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia even Africa. Almost anyone of Indonesia and India as well as the Asian nation generally.Had consumed this spices crop, good as accessories of the cooking spice, the herbal tonic or to maintain the health and beauty. turmeric was normal spices was used in cooking in Asian countries. Turmeric was often used in cooking of a kind of curry, but also was used to give the yellow colour in cooking. The pharmacy product had standard material turmeric, could compete with various patent medicine, for example for the inflammation of the foundation (arthritis- rheumatoid) or osteo-arthritis had active material natrium deklofenak, piroksikam, and fenil butason with the relatively expensive price or the supplement to food (vitamins-plus) in the form of the capsule. The manufactured item product from the turmeric extract took the form of the supplement to food in the form of the capsule (vitamins-plus) the market and his industry have developed. The supplement to food was made from the raw material of the turmeric extract with the vitamins additive B1, B2, B6, B12, vitamin E, Lesitin, Amprotab, Mg-stearat, Nepagin and Kolidon 90. The use: The roots of the root that was more than one year old were used as medicine (the roots of the root was cool down, cleaned, influenced the stomach part Especially in the side, stimulating, released the gas surplus on the intestines, stopped the bleeding and prevented blood clotting) apart from same was used as the material in cooking. Turmeric was also used as medicine anti itchy and anti cramps as well as reduced the swelling of the mouth mucous membrane. Turmeric was consumed in the form of distillation that was acknowledged as the filtrate, also was drunk as the extract or diguna as ointment to treat bengkak.Kunyit also berkhasiat to cure the nose that tersumbat, his method by burning turmeric and menghirupnya Turmeric be classed as in the group ginger-jahean, Zingiberaceae.
Rabu, 16 Juli 2008
Consumed and Pecel
Consumed.
LalapLalap was normal vegetables was presented along with Indonesian cooking. Consumed resembled salad, that often was encountered in west food, nevertheless typical for consumed was that vegetables consumed was not eaten with sauce (dressing) or spices. Consumed normally was eaten with rice and the other side dish (the fried chicken, the fried fish, chilli sauce, et cetera). Normal vegetables were used including lettuce, long peanuts, the cucumber, tomatoes, the pawpaws leaves, the cassava leaves and kemangi. These vegetables are usually served in the raw situation or for vegetables as the cassava leaves and the pawpaws leaves were beforehand boiled before. Because of consisting of many vegetables that were not yet cooked, consumed often contained fibre that was good for the digestion.
Pecel.
PecelPecel was typical food of the City Madiun East Java Indonesia that was made from rebusan vegetables took the form of the spinach, the bean sprouts, long peanuts, kemangi, the leaves turi, krai (a kind of cucumber) or other vegetables that were served by being poured chilli sauce pecel. The concept of the serving pecel had the resemblance with salad for Europeans, namely luxuriant vegetables that were watered topping mayonaise. Only to pecel topping him chilli sauce pecel. The main material from chilli sauce pecel was peanuts and the small chilli that were mixt with the other material like the rough-skinned citrus fruit leaves, the onion, the tamarind, pepper and salt. Pecel often also was presented with rempeyek peanuts, rempeyek prawns or the slab of the rice. Moreover pecel also usually was presented with warm steamed rice was increased chicken or jerohan. The method of presentation could in the plate or in the leaves that were folded that was mentioned pincuk. This cooking was similar with gado-gado, although having the difference in materials that were used. The feeling pecel that was hot stang became the typical characteristics of this cooking.
The name pecel had the different meaning in the Slawi area, Tegal, Central Java. Pecel was not presented in the form of vegetables, but have the shape of rujak. Pecel the version of the Slawi area consisted of the fresh fruit like jambu, pineapples, pawpaws, and mangoes as well as was poured with thick palm sugar sauce.
LalapLalap was normal vegetables was presented along with Indonesian cooking. Consumed resembled salad, that often was encountered in west food, nevertheless typical for consumed was that vegetables consumed was not eaten with sauce (dressing) or spices. Consumed normally was eaten with rice and the other side dish (the fried chicken, the fried fish, chilli sauce, et cetera). Normal vegetables were used including lettuce, long peanuts, the cucumber, tomatoes, the pawpaws leaves, the cassava leaves and kemangi. These vegetables are usually served in the raw situation or for vegetables as the cassava leaves and the pawpaws leaves were beforehand boiled before. Because of consisting of many vegetables that were not yet cooked, consumed often contained fibre that was good for the digestion.
Pecel.
PecelPecel was typical food of the City Madiun East Java Indonesia that was made from rebusan vegetables took the form of the spinach, the bean sprouts, long peanuts, kemangi, the leaves turi, krai (a kind of cucumber) or other vegetables that were served by being poured chilli sauce pecel. The concept of the serving pecel had the resemblance with salad for Europeans, namely luxuriant vegetables that were watered topping mayonaise. Only to pecel topping him chilli sauce pecel. The main material from chilli sauce pecel was peanuts and the small chilli that were mixt with the other material like the rough-skinned citrus fruit leaves, the onion, the tamarind, pepper and salt. Pecel often also was presented with rempeyek peanuts, rempeyek prawns or the slab of the rice. Moreover pecel also usually was presented with warm steamed rice was increased chicken or jerohan. The method of presentation could in the plate or in the leaves that were folded that was mentioned pincuk. This cooking was similar with gado-gado, although having the difference in materials that were used. The feeling pecel that was hot stang became the typical characteristics of this cooking.
The name pecel had the different meaning in the Slawi area, Tegal, Central Java. Pecel was not presented in the form of vegetables, but have the shape of rujak. Pecel the version of the Slawi area consisted of the fresh fruit like jambu, pineapples, pawpaws, and mangoes as well as was poured with thick palm sugar sauce.
Selasa, 15 Juli 2008
POCONG
Pocong was a kind of concrete ghost pocong.
In Malaysia, the ghost of this kind was known also as the package ghost.
The drafting
The drafting pocong varied.
Said, pocong had the face berwarnah green with the empty eyes.
The other drafting said, pocong had a level face and had the hollow eyes hole or was closed cotton with the pale white face.
They who trusted the existence of this ghost believing, pocong was the form protested from the died that was forgotten was opened by the association of his shroud before his grave was closed.
Despite pocong in the film often was depicted was involved in jumping up and down, the myth about pocong even said pocong moving flew-layang.
This could be understood, because in the actor's films pocong could not move foot him so as to go him must jump up and down.
This situation also that caused a normal statement to be used to distinguish pocong original and pocong false in the community:
Saw his proceeding method.
When going him jumped up and down, threw with the stone, definitely will shout.
The belief would the existence of the ghost pocong only developed in Indonesia, especially in Java and Sumatra.
Although his drafting followed the Muslim tradition, other religious groups then evidently could acknowledge the existence of this ghost.
Pocong in art
Pocong often coloured the short story or the novel had the theme the mystery.
In the national Indonesian cinema bergenre the horror, pocong in fact often was produced.
Several in fact used him as the title.
In the parade ogoh-ogoh before Nyepi celebration in Bali, for example, the shape pocong often is realised, usually by the community's group non-Hindu
In Malaysia, the ghost of this kind was known also as the package ghost.
The drafting
The drafting pocong varied.
Said, pocong had the face berwarnah green with the empty eyes.
The other drafting said, pocong had a level face and had the hollow eyes hole or was closed cotton with the pale white face.
They who trusted the existence of this ghost believing, pocong was the form protested from the died that was forgotten was opened by the association of his shroud before his grave was closed.
Despite pocong in the film often was depicted was involved in jumping up and down, the myth about pocong even said pocong moving flew-layang.
This could be understood, because in the actor's films pocong could not move foot him so as to go him must jump up and down.
This situation also that caused a normal statement to be used to distinguish pocong original and pocong false in the community:
Saw his proceeding method.
When going him jumped up and down, threw with the stone, definitely will shout.
The belief would the existence of the ghost pocong only developed in Indonesia, especially in Java and Sumatra.
Although his drafting followed the Muslim tradition, other religious groups then evidently could acknowledge the existence of this ghost.
Pocong in art
Pocong often coloured the short story or the novel had the theme the mystery.
In the national Indonesian cinema bergenre the horror, pocong in fact often was produced.
Several in fact used him as the title.
In the parade ogoh-ogoh before Nyepi celebration in Bali, for example, the shape pocong often is realised, usually by the community's group non-Hindu
Senin, 14 Juli 2008
Jering or Jengkol
Jering or jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum, the synonym: A. jiringa, Pithecellobium jiringa, and P. lobatum) was typical plants in the South-East Asian territory.
His seed was enjoyed in Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia as the foodstuff.
Jengkol including the legumes ethnic group (Fabaceae.
Him took the form of peas and his form flat twisted formed the spiral, was crimson old.
The seed skinned ari thin with the colour of chocolate shone.
Jengkol could cause the smell to be not delicious to urine after being processed and processed by the digestion, especially when being eaten fresh as consumed.
Jengkol could it was known prevent diabetes and had a diuretic nature and was good for the health of the heart.
The crop jengkol was estimated also had the capacity to absorb the high ground water so as to be useful in conservation of water in a place.
The utilization.
The seed jengkol normally was eaten fresh or was processed (usually disemur, and was known by the Sundanese person as ati maung or the "heart" of the "tiger").
His seed was soft and soft.
This texture that made him be liked.
His aroma rather resembled petai but rather weak.
Nevertheless was not like this when being thrown away from urine.
Apart from disemur, the seed jengkol also could be made become the chip as in the case of emping from melinjo, by means of being pounded/was squeezed to thin and flat, dikeringkan and was fried with hot oil.
The effect of the smell of the negative in fact could be reduced with the submersion or perebusan.
Was smelly when urine could be reduced if the rinsing was carried out before and after urine with the amount of water that was enough.
The disturbance of the health.
Apart from being smelly jengkol could disrupt the health someone because of consumption jengkol excessive caused the occurrence of the crystal dump in the urine channel, that was mentioned "jengkolan".
This happened because jengkol contained acid jengkolat that was high and was difficult protracted in water in the sour pH.
Excessive consumption will cause the formation of crystal and annoying urinasi.
The risk was affected jengkolan was known varied to anyone, and was affected genetically and by the environment.
His seed was enjoyed in Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia as the foodstuff.
Jengkol including the legumes ethnic group (Fabaceae.
Him took the form of peas and his form flat twisted formed the spiral, was crimson old.
The seed skinned ari thin with the colour of chocolate shone.
Jengkol could cause the smell to be not delicious to urine after being processed and processed by the digestion, especially when being eaten fresh as consumed.
Jengkol could it was known prevent diabetes and had a diuretic nature and was good for the health of the heart.
The crop jengkol was estimated also had the capacity to absorb the high ground water so as to be useful in conservation of water in a place.
The utilization.
The seed jengkol normally was eaten fresh or was processed (usually disemur, and was known by the Sundanese person as ati maung or the "heart" of the "tiger").
His seed was soft and soft.
This texture that made him be liked.
His aroma rather resembled petai but rather weak.
Nevertheless was not like this when being thrown away from urine.
Apart from disemur, the seed jengkol also could be made become the chip as in the case of emping from melinjo, by means of being pounded/was squeezed to thin and flat, dikeringkan and was fried with hot oil.
The effect of the smell of the negative in fact could be reduced with the submersion or perebusan.
Was smelly when urine could be reduced if the rinsing was carried out before and after urine with the amount of water that was enough.
The disturbance of the health.
Apart from being smelly jengkol could disrupt the health someone because of consumption jengkol excessive caused the occurrence of the crystal dump in the urine channel, that was mentioned "jengkolan".
This happened because jengkol contained acid jengkolat that was high and was difficult protracted in water in the sour pH.
Excessive consumption will cause the formation of crystal and annoying urinasi.
The risk was affected jengkolan was known varied to anyone, and was affected genetically and by the environment.
Minggu, 13 Juli 2008
Gado - Gado
Gado-gado was one of the food that came from Indonesia that took the form of vegetables that were boiled and mixt was one, with the spice or sauce from peanuts that were refined was accompanied by the slice of the egg and was above spread the fried onion.
A little emping fried or crackers (there also are those that used prawn crackers) also was added.
Gado-gado could be eaten just like that like salad with the spice/peanuts sauce, but also could be eaten along with steamed rice or occasionally also was presented with the rice cake.
Materials
Sayuran
Sayur-sayuran that often was used could vary, although normal vegetables were used was:
Green vegetables that were sliced very small like lettuce, the cabbage, the cabbage flower, long peanuts, and the bean sprouts.
Other vegetables like carrots and the cucumber.
Kentang tomatoes boiled that was sliced.
The egg boiled.
With the egg exception and the potato boiled, vegetables that are used usually still in the raw situation.
Although occasionally vegetables like the cabbage and the cabbage flower also could be boiled hot water.
There were also vegetables that occasionally were cooked with hot steam.
[proofread] Sauce kacang
One of the differences gado-gado from salad was peanuts sauce that was used.
Materials that were used for this peanuts sauce also could vary.
The normal material was used was:
Fried peanuts that were destroyed the Cabai Garlic, Merica Air Jeruk nipis Occasionally also was increased:
Soy sauce was heeded
A little emping fried or crackers (there also are those that used prawn crackers) also was added.
Gado-gado could be eaten just like that like salad with the spice/peanuts sauce, but also could be eaten along with steamed rice or occasionally also was presented with the rice cake.
Materials
Sayuran
Sayur-sayuran that often was used could vary, although normal vegetables were used was:
Green vegetables that were sliced very small like lettuce, the cabbage, the cabbage flower, long peanuts, and the bean sprouts.
Other vegetables like carrots and the cucumber.
Kentang tomatoes boiled that was sliced.
The egg boiled.
With the egg exception and the potato boiled, vegetables that are used usually still in the raw situation.
Although occasionally vegetables like the cabbage and the cabbage flower also could be boiled hot water.
There were also vegetables that occasionally were cooked with hot steam.
[proofread] Sauce kacang
One of the differences gado-gado from salad was peanuts sauce that was used.
Materials that were used for this peanuts sauce also could vary.
The normal material was used was:
Fried peanuts that were destroyed the Cabai Garlic, Merica Air Jeruk nipis Occasionally also was increased:
Soy sauce was heeded
Sabtu, 12 Juli 2008
Pencak Silat(Indonesian Martial Art)
Pencak parried or parried (fought by using the defence technique himself) was Asian self-defence art that was rooted from the Malay culture.
This self-defence art was widely known in Indonesia, the Philippines, Brunei, and Malaysia but also could be found in various variations in various countries in accordance with the spreading of the Malay ethnic group, like in Singapore and Thai Selatan.
Owing to the role of the coaches from Indonesia, at this time Vietnam also had pesilat-pesilat that was strong.
The term in pencak silat
the Attitude and gerak
Pencak parried was the system that consisted of the Attitude (the position) and movements (the movement).
When a person pesilat moved when disputing, the attitude and his movement changed joined the change in the position of the opponent continuously.
Immediately after finding the weakness of the defence of the opponent, then pesilat will try to overcome the opponent with a fast attack.
Technique-tehnik
Pencak Silat had the kind that many of the techniques remained and attacked.
The normal practitioner used the hands, the elbow, arms, foot, knees and the palm foot in the attack.
Technically the public including the kick, the blow, the stumbling block, sapuan, locked, threw, kept, broke the joint, etc..
Step-jurus
Pesilat practised with steps.
The step was the series of the basic movement for the upper and low part body, that was used as the escort to control the use of further techniques pencak parried (), when being carried out to practise in a single or teamed manner.
The use of the Step, or the small movement of the body, taught the use of the regulation foot.
When being united, so the Pasan Foundation, or the current of all the body.
The aspect and the form silat
was gotten by 4 main aspects in pencak parried, that is:
1.The Mental Spiritual aspect: Pencak parried built and developed the identity and the noble character someone.
The champions and maha the teacher pencak parried ancient often must pass the meditation stage, tapa, or the aspect of other mysticism to achieve the highest level scientific him.
2.The aspect of Budaya Art: the Culture and the game of "art" pencak parried was one of the very important aspects.
The Pencak term generally depicts the form of dance art pencak parried, with music and the traditional dress.
3.The aspect of the Self-defence: the Belief and perseverance himself was very important in controlling self-defence knowledge in pencak parried.
The Silat term, tended to stress the aspect of the technical capacity the self-defence pencak parried.
4.The aspect of Sport: This significant that the physical aspect in pencak parried was important.
Pesilat tried to adapt thoughts by processing the body.
The competition was this aspect part.
The aspect of sport covered the match and the demonstration of forms of the step, was good for single, dual or the team.
This self-defence art was widely known in Indonesia, the Philippines, Brunei, and Malaysia but also could be found in various variations in various countries in accordance with the spreading of the Malay ethnic group, like in Singapore and Thai Selatan.
Owing to the role of the coaches from Indonesia, at this time Vietnam also had pesilat-pesilat that was strong.
The term in pencak silat
the Attitude and gerak
Pencak parried was the system that consisted of the Attitude (the position) and movements (the movement).
When a person pesilat moved when disputing, the attitude and his movement changed joined the change in the position of the opponent continuously.
Immediately after finding the weakness of the defence of the opponent, then pesilat will try to overcome the opponent with a fast attack.
Technique-tehnik
Pencak Silat had the kind that many of the techniques remained and attacked.
The normal practitioner used the hands, the elbow, arms, foot, knees and the palm foot in the attack.
Technically the public including the kick, the blow, the stumbling block, sapuan, locked, threw, kept, broke the joint, etc..
Step-jurus
Pesilat practised with steps.
The step was the series of the basic movement for the upper and low part body, that was used as the escort to control the use of further techniques pencak parried (), when being carried out to practise in a single or teamed manner.
The use of the Step, or the small movement of the body, taught the use of the regulation foot.
When being united, so the Pasan Foundation, or the current of all the body.
The aspect and the form silat
was gotten by 4 main aspects in pencak parried, that is:
1.The Mental Spiritual aspect: Pencak parried built and developed the identity and the noble character someone.
The champions and maha the teacher pencak parried ancient often must pass the meditation stage, tapa, or the aspect of other mysticism to achieve the highest level scientific him.
2.The aspect of Budaya Art: the Culture and the game of "art" pencak parried was one of the very important aspects.
The Pencak term generally depicts the form of dance art pencak parried, with music and the traditional dress.
3.The aspect of the Self-defence: the Belief and perseverance himself was very important in controlling self-defence knowledge in pencak parried.
The Silat term, tended to stress the aspect of the technical capacity the self-defence pencak parried.
4.The aspect of Sport: This significant that the physical aspect in pencak parried was important.
Pesilat tried to adapt thoughts by processing the body.
The competition was this aspect part.
The aspect of sport covered the match and the demonstration of forms of the step, was good for single, dual or the team.
Jumat, 11 Juli 2008
Saman Dance
The Saman dance was one of the Acehinese regional dances that was most famous at this time.
This dance came from the Gayo plateau.
The poem saman utilised Arabic and the Acehinese language.
In the past, the Saman Dance is usually put forward to celebrate the incident - the important incident in the tradition and the Acehinese community.
Moreover usually this dance is also put forward to celebrate the birth of the Prophet Muhammad.
In fact the "Saman" name was received from one of the big Acehinese Muslim scholars, Syech Saman.
The Saman dance is usually put forward used the accompaniment of the musical instrument, took the form of the drum and used the voice from the dancers and their applause who usually are combined by striking the chest and their hip as synchronisation and slamming the body to various directions.
This dance was guided by one of his usual leaders was acknowledged as Syech.
Because the uniformity of the formation and punctuality were an obligation in putting forward this dance, then the dancers were prosecuted to have the high concentration and the serious exercise in order to be able to appear completely.
This dance was carried out in groups, while singing with the position sat surrendered and lined up/bersaf without using the escort's musical instrument.
Because of the dynamism of his movement, this dance many dibawak/was danced by the men, but the development now this dance is often danced by the female dancer and the mixture between the man's dancer and the female dancer.
This dance was danced by approximately 10 people, with details 8 dancers and 2 people as the command giver while singing.
This dance came from the Gayo plateau.
The poem saman utilised Arabic and the Acehinese language.
In the past, the Saman Dance is usually put forward to celebrate the incident - the important incident in the tradition and the Acehinese community.
Moreover usually this dance is also put forward to celebrate the birth of the Prophet Muhammad.
In fact the "Saman" name was received from one of the big Acehinese Muslim scholars, Syech Saman.
The Saman dance is usually put forward used the accompaniment of the musical instrument, took the form of the drum and used the voice from the dancers and their applause who usually are combined by striking the chest and their hip as synchronisation and slamming the body to various directions.
This dance was guided by one of his usual leaders was acknowledged as Syech.
Because the uniformity of the formation and punctuality were an obligation in putting forward this dance, then the dancers were prosecuted to have the high concentration and the serious exercise in order to be able to appear completely.
This dance was carried out in groups, while singing with the position sat surrendered and lined up/bersaf without using the escort's musical instrument.
Because of the dynamism of his movement, this dance many dibawak/was danced by the men, but the development now this dance is often danced by the female dancer and the mixture between the man's dancer and the female dancer.
This dance was danced by approximately 10 people, with details 8 dancers and 2 people as the command giver while singing.
Kamis, 10 Juli 2008
The Skin Puppet
The skin puppet was traditional Indonesian art, that especially developed in Java and on the east of the Malaysian peninsula like in Kelantan and Terengganu.
The skin puppet was played by a mastermind who also became the narrator of leading figures's dialogue of the puppet, with was accompanied by gamelan music that was played a group nayaga and the lyric that was sung by pesinden.
The mastermind played the skin puppet over the screen, that is the screen that was made from white cloth, temporary behind disorotkan electricity light or oil light (blencong), so as the spectators that was on the other side from the screen could see the puppet shadow that fell to the screen.
To be able to understand the puppet story (the act), the spectator must have knowledge would leading figures of the puppet that his shadow appeared in the screen.
Generally the puppet took the story from the Mahabharata text and Ramayana, but was not restricted only with pakem (standard) this, ki the mastermind could also play the act carangan (the composition).
Several stories were taken from the Standard story.
The skin puppet was played by a mastermind who also became the narrator of leading figures's dialogue of the puppet, with was accompanied by gamelan music that was played a group nayaga and the lyric that was sung by pesinden.
The mastermind played the skin puppet over the screen, that is the screen that was made from white cloth, temporary behind disorotkan electricity light or oil light (blencong), so as the spectators that was on the other side from the screen could see the puppet shadow that fell to the screen.
To be able to understand the puppet story (the act), the spectator must have knowledge would leading figures of the puppet that his shadow appeared in the screen.
Generally the puppet took the story from the Mahabharata text and Ramayana, but was not restricted only with pakem (standard) this, ki the mastermind could also play the act carangan (the composition).
Several stories were taken from the Standard story.
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